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| PRODUCT SPECIFICATION Single chip 2.4 GHz Transceiver FEATURES * * * NRF2401A Wireless mouse, keyboard, joystick Keyless entry Wireless data communication Alarm and security systems Home automation Surveillance Automotive Telemetry Intelligent sports equipment Industrial sensors Toys APPLICATIONS * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * True single chip GFSK transceiver in a small 24-pin package (QFN24 5x5mm) Data rate 0 to1Mbps Only 2 external components Multi channel operation * 125 channels * Channel switching time <200s. * Support frequency hopping Data slicer / clock recovery of data Address and CRC computation DuoCeiverTM for simultaneous dual receiver topology ShockBurstTM mode for ultra-low power operation and relaxed MCU performance Power supply range: 1.9 to 3.6 V Low supply current (TX), typical 10.5mA peak @ -5dBm output power Low supply current (RX), typical 18mA peak in receive mode 100 % RF tested No need for external SAW filter World wide use * * * * * * * GENERAL DESCRIPTION NRF2401A is a single-chip radio transceiver for the world wide 2.4 - 2.5 GHz ISM band. The transceiver consists of a fully integrated frequency synthesizer, a power amplifier, a crystal oscillator and a modulator. Output power and frequency channels are easily programmable by use of the 3-wire serial interface. Current consumption is very low, only 10.5mA at an output power of -5dBm and 18mA in receive mode. Built-in Power Down modes makes power saving easily realizable. QUICK REFERENCE DATA Parameter Minimum supply voltage Maximum output power Maximum data rate Supply current in transmit @ -5dBm output power Supply current in receive mode Temperature range Sensitivity Supply current in Power Down mode Value 1.9 0 1000 10.5 18 -40 to +85 -93 400 Unit V dBm kbps mA mA C dBm nA Table 1 NRF2401A quick reference data Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway - Phone +4772898900 - Page 1 of 38 Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION NRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver Type Number NRF2401A NRF2401AG NRF2401A-EVKIT Description 24 pin QFN 5x5 24 pin QFN 5x5, lead free (green) Evaluation kit (2 test PCB, 2 configuration PCB, SW) Version A A 1.0 Table 2 NRF2401A ordering information BLOCK DIAGRAM VDD=3V VDD=3V VDD=3V VSS=0V VSS=0V VSS=0V VSS=0V DVDD XC1 PWR_UP DuoCeiverTM ShockBurstTM XC2 VSS_PA=0V IF BPF DEMOD CE DR2 Data Channel 2 LNA VDD_PA=1.8V DOUT2 CLK2 DR1 Data Channel 1 DATA CLK1 Clock Recovery, DataSlicer ADDR Decode CRC Code/Decode FIFO In/Out GFSK Filter Frequency Synthesiser ANT1 PA 400 ANT2 IREF 22k 3-wire interface CS Figure 1 NRF2401A with external components. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway - Phone +4772898900 - Page 2 of 38 Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION NRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver PIN FUNCTIONS Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Name CE DR2 CLK2 DOUT2 CS DR1 CLK1 DATA DVDD VSS XC2 XC1 VDD_PA ANT1 ANT2 VSS_PA VDD VSS IREF VSS VDD VSS PWR_UP VDD Pin function Digital Input Digital Output Digital I/O Digital Output Digital Input Digital Output Digital I/O Digital I/O Power Output Power Analog Output Analog Input Power Output RF RF Power Power Power Analog Input Power Power Power Digital Input Power Description Chip Enable Activates RX or TX mode RX Data Ready at Data Channel 2 (ShockBurstTM only) Clock Output/Input for RX Data Channel 2 RX Data Channel 2 Chip Select Activates Configuration Mode RX Data Ready at Data Channel 1 (ShockBurstTM only) Clock Input (TX) & Output/Input (RX) for Data Channel 1 3-wire interface RX Data Channel 1/TX Data Input/ 3-wire interface Positive Digital Supply output for de-coupling purposes Ground (0V) Crystal Pin 2 Crystal Pin 1 Power Supply (+1.8V) to Power Amplifier Antenna interface 1 Antenna interface 2 Ground (0V) Power Supply (+3V DC) Ground (0V) Reference current Ground (0V) Power Supply (+3V DC) Ground (0V) Power Up Power Supply (+3V DC) Table 3 NRF2401A pin function PIN ASSIGNMENT VDD PWR_UP VSS VDD VSS IREF 24 CE 23 22 21 20 19 18 VSS 1 2 3 4 NRF2401A QFN24 5x5 DR2 17 16 15 14 13 VDD CLK2 VSS_PA ANT2 CS 5 6 7 CLK1 ANT1 DR1 VDD_PA 8 DATA 9 DVDD 10 VSS 11 XC2 12 XC1 Figure 2 NRF2401A pin assignment (top view) for a QFN24 5x5 package. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway Phone +4772898900 Fax +4772898989 December 2004 Page 3 of 38 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION NRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS Conditions: VDD = +3V, VSS = 0V, TA = - 40C to + 85C Symbol Parameter (condition) Notes Min. 1.9 -40 Typ. 3.0 +27 Max. 3.6 +85 Units V C Operating conditions VDD TEMP Supply voltage Operating Temperature Digital input pin VIH VIL HIGH level input voltage LOW level input voltage VDD- 0.3 Vss VDD 0.3 V V Digital output pin VOH VOL HIGH level output voltage (IOH=-0.5mA) LOW level output voltage (IOL=0.5mA) VDD- 0.3 Vss VDD 0.3 V V General RF conditions fOP fXTAL f RGFSK RGFSK FCHANNEL Operating frequency Crystal frequency Frequency deviation Data rate ShockBurstTM Data rate Direct Mode Channel spacing 1) 2) 2400 4 156 3) >0 250 1 1000 1000 2524 20 MHz MHz kHz kbps kbps MHz Transmitter operation PRF PRFC PRFCR PBW PRF2 PRF3 IVDD IVDD IVDD IVDD IVDD Maximum Output Power RF Power Control Range RF Power Control Range Resolution 20dB Bandwidth for Modulated Carrier 2nd Adjacent Channel Transmit Power 2MHz 3rd Adjacent Channel Transmit Power 3MHz Supply current @ 0dBm output power Supply current @ -20dBm output power Average Supply current @ -5dBm output power, ShockBurstTM Average Supply current in stand-by mode Average Supply current in power down 4) 16 0 20 +4 3 1000 -20 -40 5) 5) 6) 7) 13 8.8 0.8 12 400 dBm dB dB kHz dBm dBm mA mA mA A nA Receiver operation IVDD IVDD IVDD IVDD RXSENS RXSENS C/ICO C/I1ST C/I2ND C/I3RD RXB 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) Supply current one channel 250kbps Supply current one channel 1000kbps Supply current two channels 250kbps Supply current two channels 1000kbps Sensitivity at 0.1%BER (@250kbps) Sensitivity at 0.1%BER (@1000kbps) C/I Co-channel 1st Adjacent Channel Selectivity C/I 1MHz 2nd Adjacent Channel Selectivity C/I 2MHz 3rd Adjacent Channel Selectivity C/I 3MHz Blocking Data Channel 2 8) 8) 8) 8) 18 19 23 25 -93 -85 10/4 -20/0 -37/-20 -43/-30 -45/-41 mA mA mA mA dBm dBm dB dB dB dB dB Usable band is determined by local regulations The crystal frequency may be chosen from 5 different values (4, 8, 12, 16, and 20MHz) which are specified in the configuration word, see Table 8. 16MHz are required for 1Mbps operation. Data rate must be either 250kbps or 1000kbps. Antenna load impedance = 100+j175 Antenna load impedance = 100+j175. Effective data rate 250kbps or 1Mbps. Antenna load impedance = 100+j175. Effective data rate 10kbps. Current if 4 MHz crystal is used. 250kbps/1000kbps. Table 4 NRF2401A RF specifications Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway Phone +4772898900 Fax +4772898989 December 2004 Page 4 of 38 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION NRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver PACKAGE OUTLINE NRF2401AG uses the GREEN QFN24 5x5 package, with matt tin plating. NRF2401A uses the QFN24 5x5 package, with SnPb plating. Dimensions are in mm. Package Type Punch QFN24 (5x5 mm) Min typ. Max A 0.8 0.9 A1 0.0 0.02 0.05 A2 0.65 0.69 b 0.25 0.3 0.35 D/E 5 BSC D1/E1 4.75 BSC e 0.65 BSC J 3.47 3.57 3.67 K 3.47 3.57 3.67 L 0.3 0.4 0.5 R 1.235 1.335 1.435 Figure 3 NRF2401AG GREEN Package outline. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway Phone +4772898900 - Page 5 of 38 Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION NRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver Absolute Maximum Ratings Supply voltages VDD............................- 0.3V to + 3.6V VSS .................................................. 0V Input voltage VI ....................... - 0.3V to VDD + 0.3V Output voltage VO ...................... - 0.3V to VDD + 0.3V Total Power Dissipation PD (TA=85C) ............................. 90mW Temperatures Operating Temperature.... - 40C to + 85C Storage Temperature....... - 40C to + 125C Note: Stress exceeding one or more of the limiting values may cause permanent damage to the device. ATTENTION! Electrostatic Sensitive Device Observe Precaution for handling. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway - Phone +4772898900 - Page 6 of 38 Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION NRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver Glossary of Terms Term CLK CRC CS CE DR GFSK ISM MCU OD PWR_DWN PWR_UP RX ST_BY TX Description Clock Cyclic Redundancy Check Chip Select Chip Enable Data Ready Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying Industrial-Scientific-Medical Micro controller Overdrive Power Down Power Up Receive Standby Transmit Table 5 Glossary Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway - Phone +4772898900 - Page 7 of 38 Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION NRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver MODES OF OPERATION Overview The NRF2401A can be set in the following main modes depending on three control pins: Mode Active (RX/TX) Configuration Stand by Power down PWR_UP 1 1 1 0 CE 1 0 0 X CS 0 1 0 X Table 6 NRF2401A main modes For a complete overview of the NRF2401A I/O pins in the different modes please refer to Table 7. Active modes The NRF2401A has two active (RX/TX) modes: * * ShockBurstTM Direct Mode The device functionality in these modes is decided by the content of a configuration word. This configuration word is presented in configuration section. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway - Phone +4772898900 - Page 8 of 38 Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION NRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver ShockBurstTM The ShockBurstTM technology uses on-chip FIFO to clock in data at a low data rate and transmit at a very high rate thus enabling extremely power reduction. When operating the NRF2401A in ShockBurstTM, you gain access to the high data rates (1 Mbps) offered by the 2.4 GHz band without the need of a costly, high-speed micro controller (MCU) for data processing. By putting all high speed signal processing related to RF protocol on-chip, the NRF2401A offers the following benefits: * * * Highly reduced current consumption Lower system cost (facilitates use of less expensive micro controller) Greatly reduced risk of `on-air' collisions due to short transmission time The NRF2401A can be programmed using a simple 3-wire interface where the data rate is decided by the speed of the micro controller. By allowing the digital part of the application to run at low speed while maximizing the data rate on the RF link, the nRF ShockBurstTM mode reduces the average current consumption in applications considerably. ShockBurstTM principle When the NRF2401A is configured in ShockBurstTM, TX or RX operation is conducted in the following way (10 kbps for the example only). Continuous 10kbps 8-bit MCU NRF2401A FIFO ShockBurstTM 1Mbps Figure 4 Clocking in data with MCU and sending with ShockBurst technology Without ShockBurstTM, running at speed dictated by 10Kbs MCU 10mA periode 10mA period 10Kbs MCU with ShockBurstTM 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 Time mS Figure 5 Current consumption with & without ShockBurst technology Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway - Phone +4772898900 - Page 9 of 38 Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION NRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver NRF2401A in ShockBurstTM TX (CE=hi)? YES NO Data content of registers: uController Loading ADDR and PAYLOAD data ADDR PAYLOAD Maximum 256 bits NRF2401A Calculating CRC ADDR PAYLOAD CRC NO CE=Low? YES NRF2401A Adding Preamble Preamble ADDR PAYLOAD CRC NRF2401A Sending ShockBurstTM Package (250 or 1000kbps) Input FIFO not Empty YES Sending completed? NO Figure 6 Flow Chart ShockBurstTM Transmit of NRF2401A NRF2401A ShockBurstTM Transmit: MCU interface pins: CE, CLK1, DATA 1. When the application MCU has data to send, set CE high. This activates NRF2401A on-board data processing. 2. The address of the receiving node (RX address) and payload data is clocked into the NRF2401A. The application protocol or MCU sets the speed <1Mbps (ex: 10kbps). 3. MCU sets CE low, this activates a NRF2401A ShockBurstTM transmission. 4. NRF2401A ShockBurstTM: * RF front end is powered up * RF package is completed (preamble added, CRC calculated) * Data is transmitted at high speed (250 kbps or 1 Mbps configured by user). * NRF2401A return to stand-by when finished Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway Phone +4772898900 Fax +4772898989 December 2004 Page 10 of 38 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION NRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver NRF2401A in ShockBurstTM RX? YES NO Data content of registers: NRF2401A Detects PREAMBLE and Incoming Data Preamble ADDR PAYLOAD CRC NO Correct ADDR? YES NRF2401A Receives Data and Checking CRC ADDR PAYLOAD CRC ADDR PAYLOAD CRC NO NRF2401A Checks: Correct CRC? YES ADDR PAYLOAD CRC NRF2401A Set Data Ready (DR1/2) high PAYLOAD uController Clocks out Payload PAYLOAD NO NRF2401A Register Empty? YES NRF2401A Sets Data Ready (DR1/2) low Output Register Empty Figure 7 Flow Chart ShockBurstTM Receive of NRF2401A Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway - Phone +4772898900 - Page 11 of 38 Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION NRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver NRF2401A ShockBurstTM Receive: MCU interface pins: CE, DR1, CLK1 and DATA (one RX channel receive) 1. Correct address and size of payload of incoming RF packages are set when NRF2401A is configured to ShockBurstTM RX. 2. To activate RX, set CE high. 3. After 200 s settling, NRF2401A is monitoring the air for incoming communication. 4. When a valid package has been received (correct address and CRC found), NRF2401A removes the preamble, address and CRC bits. 5. NRF2401A then notifies (interrupts) the MCU by setting the DR1 pin high. 6. MCU may (or may not) set the CE low to disable the RF front end (low current mode). 7. The MCU will clock out just the payload data at a suitable rate (ex. 10 kbps). 8. When all payload data is retrieved NRF2401A sets DR1 low again, and is ready for new incoming data package if CE is kept high during data download. If the CE was set low, a new start up sequence can begin, see Figure 16. Direct Mode In direct mode the NRF2401A works like a traditional RF device. Data must be at 1Mbps 200ppm, or 250kbps 200ppm at low data rate setting, for the receiver to detect the signals. Direct Mode Transmit: MCU interface pins: CE, DATA 1. When application MCU has data to send, set CE high 2. The NRF2401A RF front end is now immediately activated, and after 200 s settling time, data will modulate the carrier directly. 3. All RF protocol parts must hence be implemented in MCU firmware (preamble, address and CRC). Direct Mode Receive: MCU interface pins: CE, CLK1, and DATA 1. Once the NRF2401A is configured and powered up (CE high) in direct RX mode, DATA will start to toggle due to noise present on the air. 2. CLK1 will also start to toggle as NRF2401A is trying to lock on to the incoming data stream. 3. Once a valid preamble arrives, CLK1 and DATA will lock on to the incoming signal and the RF package will appear at the DATA pin with the same speed as it is transmitted. 4. To enable the demodulator to re-generate the clock, the preamble must be 8 bits toggling hi-low, starting with low if the first data bit is low. 5. In this mode no data ready (DR) signals is available. Address and checksum verification must also be done in the receiving MCU. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway - Phone +4772898900 - Page 12 of 38 Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION NRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver DuoCeiverTM Simultaneous Two Channel Receive Mode In both ShockBurstTM & direct modes the NRF2401A can facilitate simultaneous reception of two parallel independent frequency channels at the maximum data rate. This means: * NRF2401A can receive data from two 1 Mbps transmitters (ex: NRF2401A or nRF2402) 8 MHz (8 frequency channels) apart through one antenna interface. * The output from the two data channels is fed to two separate MCU interfaces. * Data channel 1: CLK1, DATA, and DR1 * Data channel 2: CLK2, DOUT2, and DR2 * DR1 and DR2 are available only in ShockBurstTM. The NRF2401A DuoCeiverTM technology provides 2 separate dedicated data channels for RX and replaces the need for two, stand alone receiver systems. NRF2401A Tx/Rx NRF2401A Tx/Rx NRF2401A Tx/Rx Figure 8 Simultaneous 2 channel receive on NRF2401A There is one absolute requirement for using the second data channel. For the NRF2401A to be able to receive at the second data channel the frequency channel must be 8MHz higher than the frequency of data channel 1. The NRF2401A must be programmed to receive at the frequency of data channel 1. No time multiplexing is used in NRF2401A to fulfil this function. In direct mode the MCU must be able to handle two simultaneously incoming data packets if it is not multiplexing between the two data channels. In ShockBurstTM it is possible for the MCU to clock out one data channel at a time while data on the other data channel waits for MCU availability, without any lost data packets, and by doing so reduce the needed performance of the MCU. Clock Recovery, DataSlicer Clock Recovery, DataSlicer ADDR, CRC Check ADDR, CRC Check DR1 CLK1 DATA DR2 CLK2 DOUT2 FRF1 Data(FRF1) FRF2=FRF1+8MHz Data(FRF2) Figure 9 DuoCeiverTM with two simultaneously independent receive channels. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway - Phone +4772898900 - Page 13 of 38 Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION NRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver Configuration Mode In configuration mode a configuration word of up to 15 bytes is downloaded to NRF2401A. This is done through a simple 3-wire interface (CS, CLK1 and DATA). For more information on configuration please refer to the NRF2401A Device configuration chapter on page16. Stand-By Mode Stand by mode is used to minimize average current consumption while maintaining short start up times. In this mode, part of the crystal oscillator is active. Current consumption is dependent on crystal frequency (Ex: 12 A @ 4 MHz, 32 A @ 16 MHz). The configuration word content is maintained during stand by. Power Down Mode In power down the NRF2401A is disabled with minimal current consumption, typically less than 1A. Entering this mode when the device is not active minimizes average current consumption, maximizing battery lifetime. The configuration word content is maintained during power down. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway - Phone +4772898900 - Page 14 of 38 Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION NRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver Pin configuration for the different modes of NRF2401A INPUT PINS PWR_UP 0 0 0 1 1 1 CLK In 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 X 0 X 0 0 0 0 0 X In 0 1 0 0 0 DR1 DR1 0 0 X 1 0 1 NRF2401A MODES CE 0 0 0 0 0 DR2 DR2 0 0 0 0 DR2 0 0 CS DR1 DR2 MODE SWITCHES BIDIR PINS OUTPUT PINS DOUT2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 DATA 0 DATA RXMODE ShockBurst Power down X X Power down 0 1 Power down 1 1 Stand by 0 X Stand by 1 0 direction CLK1 In X In X In CLK In X In X In direction CLK2 In X In X In X In X In X In Stand by 1 1 Stand by 1 1 Configuration X X TX ShockBurstTM 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 TX Direct RX ShockBurstTM in one channel RX ShockBurstTM in two channels RX Direct in one channel RX Direct in two channels 1 0 1 0 CLK In CLK In CLK In X In CLK In CLK Out CLK Out CLK direction DATA In X In X In X In X In X 2 In DATA 3 Out DATA In CONFIG DATA In DATA In DATA Out DATA Out DATA Out DATA Out DATA X In X In X In X In X In CLK Out 0 Out CLK Table 7 Pin configuration of NRF2401A. 1 In = X means the input should be set to either "low" or "high". 2 Input if DR1 is "low". 3 Output if DR1 is "high" Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway - Phone +4772898900 - Page 15 of 38 Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION NRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver DEVICE CONFIGURATION All configuration of the NRF2401A is done via a 3-wire interface to a single configuration register. The configuration word can be up to 15 bytes long for ShockBurstTM use and up to 2 bytes long for direct mode. Configuration for ShockBurstTM operation The configuration word in ShockBurstTM enables the NRF2401A to handle the RF protocol. Once the protocol is completed and loaded into NRF2401A only one byte, bit[7:0], needs to be updated during actual operation. The configuration blocks dedicated to ShockBurstTM is as follows: * Payload section width: Specifies the number of payload bits in a RF package. This enables the NRF2401A to distinguish between payload data and the CRC bytes in a received package. * Address width: Sets the number of bits used for address in the RF package. This enables the NRF2401A to distinguish between address and payload data. * Address (RX Channel 1 and 2): Destination address for received data. * CRC: Enables NRF2401A on-chip CRC generation and de-coding. NOTE: These configuration blocks, with the exception of the CRC, are dedicated for the packages that a NRF2401A is to receive. In TX mode, the MCU must generate an address and a payload section that fits the configuration of the NRF2401A that is to receive the data. When using the NRF2401A on-chip CRC feature ensure that CRC is enabled and uses the same length for both the TX and RX devices. PRE-AMBLE ADDRESS PAYLOAD CRC Figure 10 Data packet set-up Configuration for Direct Mode operation For direct mode operation only the two first bytes (bit[15:0]) of the configuring word are relevant. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway - Phone +4772898900 - Page 16 of 38 Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION NRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver Configuration Word overview Bit Number position of bits 143:120 119:112 111:104 103:64 63:24 23:18 17 24 8 8 40 40 6 1 TEST DATA2_W DATA1_W ADDR2 ADDR1 ADDR_W CRC_L Name Function ShockBurstTM configuration Reserved for testing Length of data payload section RX channel 2 Length of data payload section RX channel 1 Up to 5 byte address for RX channel 2 Up to 5 byte address for RX channel 1 Number of address bits (both RX channels). 8 or 16 bit CRC 16 1 CRC_EN Enable on-chip CRC generation/checking. 15 1 RX2_EN Enable two channel receive mode General device configuration 14 1 CM Communication mode (Direct or ShockBurstTM) 13 1 RFDR_SB RF data rate (1Mbps requires 16MHz crystal) 12:10 3 XO_F Crystal frequency 9:8 2 RF_PWR RF output power 7:1 7 RF_CH# Frequency channel 0 1 RXEN RX or TX operation Table 8 Table of configuration words. The configuration word is shifted in MSB first on positive CLK1 edges. New configuration is enabled on the falling edge of CS. NOTE. On the falling edge of CS, the NRF2401A updates the number of bits actually shifted in during the last configuration. Ex: If the NRF2401A is to be configured for 2 channel RX in ShockBurstTM, a total of 120 bits must be shifted in during the first configuration after VDD is applied. Once the wanted protocol, modus and RF channel are set, only one bit (RXEN) is shifted in to switch between RX and TX. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway Phone +4772898900 Fax +4772898989 December 2004 Page 17 of 38 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION NRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver Configuration Word Detailed Description The following describes the function of the 144 bits (bit 143 = MSB) that is used to configure the NRF2401A. General Device Configuration: bit[15:0] ShockBurstTM Configuration: bit[119:16] Test Configuration: bit[143:120] MSB D143 1 MSB D135 D134 D133 D132 D131 D130 D129 D128 D142 0 D141 0 TEST D140 D139 D138 Reserved for testing 0 1 1 D137 1 D136 0 TEST D127 D126 D125 D124 D123 D122 Default 0 0 0 0 1 0 Reserved for testing 0 0 0 D121 D120 Close PLL in TX 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 Default D119 0 DATA2_W D118 D117 D116 D115 D114 D113 Data width channel#2 in # of bits excluding addr/crc 0 1 0 0 0 0 DATA1_W D110 D109 D108 D107 D106 D105 Data width channel#1 in # of bits excluding addr/crc 0 1 0 0 0 0 D112 0 Default D111 0 D104 0 Default D103 0 D102 0 D101 0 .... ... ADDR2 D71 D70 D69 D68 Channel#2 Address RX (up to 40bit) 1 1 1 0 ADDR1 D31 D30 D29 D28 Channel#1 Address RX (up to 40bit) 1 1 1 0 D67 0 D66 1 D65 1 D64 1 Default D63 0 D62 0 D61 0 .... ... D27 0 D26 1 D25 1 D24 1 Default ADDR_W D23 D22 D21 D20 D19 D18 Address width in # of bits (both channels) 0 0 1 0 0 0 Default CRC D17 D16 CRC Mode 1 = 16bit, 0 = 8bit CRC 1 = enable; 0 = disable 0 1 RF-Programming D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 XO Frequency RF Power 0 1 1 1 1 Default LSB D15 Two Ch. 0 D14 BUF 0 D13 OD 0 D7 0 D6 0 D5 D4 D3 Channel selection 0 0 0 D2 1 D1 0 D0 RXEN 0 Default Table 9 Configuration data word The MSB bit should be loaded first into the configuration register. Default configuration word: h8E08.1C20.2000.0000.00E7.0000.0000.E721.0F04. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway - Phone +4772898900 - Page 18 of 38 Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION NRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver ShockBurstTM configuration: The section bit[119:16] contains the segments of the configuration register dedicated to ShockBurstTM operational protocol. After VDD is turned on ShockBurstTM configuration is done once and remains set whilst VDD is present. During operation only the first byte for frequency channel and RX/TX switching need to be changed. PLL_CTRL PLL_CTRL D121 0 0 1 1 D120 0 1 0 1 PLL Open TX/Closed RX Open TX/Open RX Closed TX/Closed RX Closed TX/Open RX Table 10 PLL setting. Bit 121-120: PLL_CTRL: Controls the setting of the PLL for test purposes. With closed PLL in TX no deviation will be present. For normal operational mode these two bits must both be low. DATAx_W DATA2_W 119 118 117 116 115 114 113 112 DATA1_W 111 110 109 108 107 106 105 104 Table 11 Number of bits in payload. Bit 119 - 112: DATA2_W: Length of RF package payload section for receive-channel 2. Bit 111 - 104: DATA1_W: Length of RF package payload section for receive-channel 1. NOTE: The total number of bits in a ShockBurstTM RF package may not exceed 256! Maximum length of payload section is hence given by: DATAx _ W (bits ) = 256 - ADDR _ W - CRC Where: ADDR_W: length of RX address set in configuration word B[23:18] CRC: check sum, 8 or 16 bits set in configuration word B[17] PRE: preamble, 8 bits are automatically included Shorter address and CRC leaves more room for payload data in each package. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway - Phone +4772898900 - Page 19 of 38 Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION NRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver ADDRx ADDR2 103 102 101 .... 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 ADDR1 63 62 61 .... 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 Table 12 Address of receiver #2 and receiver #1. Bit 103 - 64: ADDR2: Receiver address channel 2, up to 40 bit. Bit 63 - 24: ADDR1 ADDR1: Receiver address channel 1, up to 40 bit. NOTE! Bits in ADDRx exceeding the address width set in ADDR_W are redundant and can be set to logic 0. ADDR_W & CRC ADDR_W 23 22 21 20 19 18 CRC_L 17 CRC_EN 16 Table 13 Number of bits reserved for RX address + CRC setting. Bit 23 - 18: ADDR_W: Number of bits reserved for RX address in ShockBurstTM packages. NOTE: Maximum number of address bits is 40 (5 bytes). Values over 40 in ADDR_W are not valid. Bit 17: CRC_L: CRC length to be calculated by NRF2401A in ShockBurstTM. Logic 0: 8 bit CRC Logic 1: 16 bit CRC Bit: 16: CRC_EN: Enables on-chip CRC generation (TX) and verification (RX). Logic 0: On-chip CRC generation/checking disabled Logic 1: On-chip CRC generation/checking enabled NOTE: An 8 bit CRC will increase the number of payload bits possible in each ShockBurstTM data packet, but will also reduce the system integrity. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway - Phone +4772898900 - Page 20 of 38 Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION NRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver General device configuration: This section of the configuration word handles RF and device related parameters. Modes: RX2_EN 15 CM 14 RFDR_SB 13 12 XO_F 11 10 9 RF_PWR 8 Table 14 RF operational settings. Bit 15: RX2_EN: Logic 0: One channel receive Logic 1: Two channels receive NOTE: In two channels receive, the NRF2401A receives on two, separate frequency channels simultaneously. The frequency of receive channel 1 is set in the configuration word bit[7-1], receive channel 2 is always 8 channels (8 MHz) above receive channel 1. Bit 14: Communication Mode: Logic 0: NRF2401A operates in direct mode. Logic 1: NRF2401A operates in ShockBurstTM mode Bit 13: RF Data Rate: Logic 0: 250 kbps Logic 1: 1 Mbps NOTE: Utilizing 250 kbps instead of 1Mbps will improve the receiver sensitivity by 10 dB. 1Mbps requires 16MHz crystal. Bit 12-10: XO_F: Selects the NRF2401A crystal frequency to be used: D12 0 0 0 0 1 XO FREQUENCY SELECTION D11 D10 Crystal Frequency [MHz] 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 4 8 12 16 20 Table 15 Crystal frequency setting. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway - Phone +4772898900 - Page 21 of 38 Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION NRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver Bit 9-8: RF_PWR: Sets NRF2401A RF output power in transmit mode: RF OUTPUT POWER D9 0 0 1 1 D8 0 1 0 1 P [dBm] -20 -10 -5 0 Table 16 RF output power setting. RF channel & direction RF_CH# 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 RXEN 0 Table 17 Frequency channel and RX / TX setting. Bit 7 - 1: RF_CH#: Sets the frequency channel the NRF2401A operates on. The channel frequency in transmit is given by: ChannelRF = 2400 MHz + RF _ CH # 1.0 MHz RF_CH #: between 2400MHz and 2527MHz may be set. The channel frequency in data channel 1 is given by: ChannelRF = 2400 MHz + RF _ CH # 1.0 MHz (Receive at PIN#8) RF_CH #: between 2400MHz and 2524MHz may be set. NOTE: The channels above 83 can only be utilized in certain territories (ex: Japan) The channel frequency in data channel 2 is given by: ChannelRF = 2400 MHz + RF _ CH # 1.0 MHz +8MHz (Receive at PIN#4) RF_CH #: between 2408MHz and 2524MHz may be set. Bit 0: Set active mode: Logic 0: transmit mode Logic 1: receive mode Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway - Phone +4772898900 - Page 22 of 38 Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION NRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver DATA PACKAGE DESCRIPTION PRE-AMBLE ADDRESS PAYLOAD CRC Figure 11 Data Package Diagram The data packet for both ShockBurstTM mode and direct mode communication is divided into 4 sections. These are: 1. PREAMBLE * * The preamble field is required in ShockBurstTM and Direct modes. Preamble is 8 bits in length and is dependent of the first data bit in direct mode. PREAMBLE 1st ADDR-BIT 01010101 0 10101010 1 * Preamble is automatically added to the data packet in ShockBurstTM and thereby gives extra space for payload. In Direct mode MCU must handle preamble. In ShockBurstTM mode RX, the preamble is removed from the received output data, in direct mode the preamble is transparent to the output data. * The address field is required in ShockBurstTM mode.1 * 8 to 40 bits length. * Address automatically removed from received packet in ShockBurstTM mode. In Direct mode MCU must handle address. * The data to be transmitted * In ShockBurstTM mode payload size is 256 bits minus the following: (Address: 8 to 40 bits. + CRC 8 or 16 bits). * In Direct mode the maximum packet size (length) is for 1Mbps 4000 bits (4ms). * The CRC is optional in ShockBurstTM mode, and is not used in Direct mode. * 8 or 16 bits length * The CRC is removed from the received output data in ShockBurstTM RX. 2 ADDRESS 3 PAYLOAD 4 CRC Table 18 Data package description Suggestions for the use of addresses in ShockBurstTM: In general more bits in the address gives less false detection, which in the end may give lower data packet loss. A. The address made by (5, 4, 3, or 2) equal bytes are not recommended because it in general will make the packet-error-rate increase. B. Addresses where the level shift only one time (i.e. 000FFFFFFF) could often be detected in noise that may give a false detection, which again may give raised packet-error-rate. Direct mode will be dependent on the software used in the MCU, but it is recommended to have the same restrictions on addresses for this mode. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway Phone +4772898900 Fax +4772898989 December 2004 1 Page 23 of 38 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION NRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver IMPORTANT TIMING DATA The following timing applies for operation of NRF2401A. NRF2401A Timing Information NRF2401A timing PWR_DWN Configuration mode PWR_DWN Active mode (RX/TX) ST_BY TX ShockBurstTM ST_BY TX Direct Mode ST_BY RX mode Minimum delay from CS to data. Minimum delay from CE to data. Minimum delay from DR1/2 to clk. Maximum delay from clk to data. Delay between edges Setup time Hold time Delay to finish internal GFSK data Minimum input clock high Set-up of data in Direct Mode Minimum clock high in Direct Mode Minimum clock low in Direct Mode Time on air, TX Direct mode Max. 3ms 3ms 195s 202s 202s Min. Name Tpd2cfgm Tpd2a Tsby2txSB Tsby2txDM Tsby2rx Tcs2data Tce2data Tdr2clk Tclk2data Td Ts Th Tfd Thmin Tsdm Thdm Tldm ToaDM 5s 5s 50ns 50ns 50ns 500ns 500ns 1/data rate 500ns 50ns 300ns 230ns 4ms Table 19 Operational timing of NRF2401A When the NRF2401A is in power down it must always settle in stand by for 3ms before it can enter configuration or one of the active modes. PWR_UP CS CE CLK1 DATA Tpd2cfgm Figure 12 Timing diagram for power down (or VDD off) to configuration mode for NRF2401A. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway - Phone +4772898900 - Page 24 of 38 Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION NRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver PWR_UP CS CE CLK1 DATA Tpd2a Figure 13 Power down (or VDD off) to active mode Note that the configuration word will be lost when VDD is turned off and that the device then must be configured before going to one of the active modes. If the device is configured one can go directly from power down to the wanted active mode. Note: CE and CS may not be high at the same time. Setting one or the other decides whether configuration or active mode is entered. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway - Phone +4772898900 - Page 25 of 38 Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION NRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver Configuration mode timing When one or more of the bits in the configuration word needs to be changed the following timing apply. t=0 PWR_UP CS CE CLK1 DATA Td CS CE CLK1 DATA Tcs2data Thmin MSB Ts Th Figure 14 Timing diagram for configuration of NRF2401A If configuration mode is entered from power down, CS can be set high after Tpd2sby as shown in Figure 12. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway - Phone +4772898900 - Page 26 of 38 Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION NRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver ShockBurstTM Mode timing ShockBurstTM TX: t=0 PWR_UP CS CE CLK1 DATA ANT1/ANT2 Td Tsby2txSB . Toa CS CE CLK1 DATA Tce2data Ts Th THmin Figure 15 Timing of ShockBurstTM in TX The package length and the data rate give the delay Toa (time on air), as shown in the equation. TOA = 1 / datarate (# databits + 1) Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway - Phone +4772898900 - Page 27 of 38 Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION NRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver ShockBurstTM RX: t=0 PWR_UP CS CE DR1/2 CLK1/2 DATA/DOUT2 ANT1/ANT2 Td Tsby2rx . CE DR1/2 CLK1/2 DATA/ DOUT2 Tclk2data Tdr2clk Thmin Td Figure 16 Timing of ShockBurstTM in RX The CE may be kept high during downloading of data, but the cost is higher current consumption (18mA) and the benefit is short start-up time (200s) when DR1 goes low. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway - Phone +4772898900 - Page 28 of 38 Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION NRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver Direct Mode Direct Mode TX: t=0 PWR_UP CS CE CLK1 DATA ANT1/ANT2 Td Tsby2txDM ToaDM Tfd Figure 17 Timing of direct mode TX In TX direct mode the input data will be sampled by NRF2401A and therefore no clock is needed. The clock must be stable at low level during transmission due to noise considerations. The exact delay Tsby2txDM is given by the equation: Tsby 2txDM = 194us + 1 / FXO 14 + 2.25us The maximum length of a package (ToaDM) over all voltages and temperatures is 4ms. This is limited by frequency drift in the transmitter and is independent of data rate and frequency channel. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway - Phone +4772898900 - Page 29 of 38 Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION NRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver Direct Mode RX: t=0 PWR_UP CS CE CLK1/2 DATA/DOUT2 ANT1/ANT2 Td Tsby2rx CE CLK1/2 DATA/DOUT2 Tsdm Thdm Tldm Figure 18 Timing of direct mode RX Tsby2rx describes the delay from the positive edge of CE to start detection of (demodulating) incoming data. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway - Phone +4772898900 - Page 30 of 38 Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION NRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver PERIPHERAL RF INFORMATION Antenna output The ANT1 & ANT2 output pins provide a balanced RF output to the antenna. The pins must have a DC path to VDD, either via a RF choke or via the center point in a dipole antenna. The load impedance seen between the ANT1/ANT2 outputs should be in the range 200-700. A load of 100+j175 is recommended for maximum output power (0dBm). Lower load impedance (for instance 50 ) can be obtained by fitting a simple matching network. Output Power adjustment Power setting bits of configuring word RF output power DC current consumption 11 0 dBm 3dB 13.0 mA 10 -5 dBm 3dB 10.5 mA 01 -10 dBm 3dB 9.4 mA 00 -20 dBm 3dB 8.8 mA Conditions: VDD = 3.0V, VSS = 0V, TA = 27C, Load impedance = 100+j175. Table 20 RF output power setting for the NRF2401A. Crystal Specification Tolerance includes initially accuracy and tolerance over temperature and aging. Frequency 4 8 12 16 20 CL 12pF 12pF 12pF 12pF 12pF ESR 150 100 100 100 100 C0max 7.0pF 7.0pF 7.0pF 7.0pF 7.0pF Tolerance 30ppm 30ppm 30ppm 30ppm 30ppm Table 21 Crystal specification of the NRF2401A To achieve a crystal oscillator solution with low power consumption and fast start-up time, it is recommended to specify the crystal with a low value of crystal load capacitance. Specifying CL=12pF is OK, but it is possible to use up to 16pF. Specifying a lower value of crystal parallel equivalent capacitance, C0 will also work, but this can increase the price of the crystal itself. Typically C0=1.5pF at a crystal specified for C0max=7.0pF. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway - Phone +4772898900 - Page 31 of 38 Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION NRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver Sharing crystal with micro controller. When using a micro controller to drive the crystal reference input XC1 of the NRF2401A transceiver some rules must be followed. Crystal parameters: When the micro controller drives the NRF2401A clock input, the requirement of load capacitance CL is set by the micro controller only. The frequency accuracy of 30 ppm is still required to get a functional radio link. The NRF2401A will load the crystal by 0.5pF at XC1 in addition to the PBC routing. Input crystal amplitude & Current consumption The input signal should not have amplitudes exceeding any rail voltage, but any DCvoltage within this is OK. Exceeding rail voltage will excite the ESD structure and the radio performance is degraded below specification. If testing the NRF2401A with a RF source with no DC offset as the reference source, the input signal will go below the ground level, which is not acceptable. XO_OUT Buffer: Sine to full swing Amplitude controlled current source Current starved inverter: XOSC core Vdd Vdd Vss ESD XC1 XC2 Vss ESD Figure 19 Principle of crystal oscillator It is recommended to use a DC-block before the XC1 pin so that the internal ESD structures will self bias the XC1 voltage . The NRF2401A crystal oscillator is amplitude regulated. To achieve low current consumption and also good signal-to-noise ratio, it is recommended to use an input signal larger than 0.4 V-peak. The needed input swing is independent of the crystal Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway Phone +4772898900 - Page 32 of 38 Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION NRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver frequency. When clocking the NRF2401A externally, XC2 is not used and can be left as an open pin. Frequency Reference MCU In direct mode there is a requirement on the accuracy of the data rate. For the receiver to detect the incoming data and recover the clock, the data rate must be within 200ppm, given that the data is "random", i.e. there is a statistical calculation on how often a preamble like sequence is present in the data. The clock is synchronized for any preamble detection, be it a dedicated preamble or part of the data stream. PCB layout and de-coupling guidelines A well-designed PCB is necessary to achieve good RF performance. Keep in mind that a poor layout may lead to loss of performance, or even functionality, if due care is not taken. A fully qualified RF-layout for the NRF2401A and its surrounding components, including matching networks, can be downloaded from www.nordicsemi.no. A PCB with a minimum of two layers including a ground plane is recommended for optimum performance. The NRF2401A DC supply voltage should be de-coupled as close as possible to the VDD pins with high performance RF capacitors, see Table 22. It is preferable to mount a large surface mount capacitor (e.g. 4.7F tantalum) in parallel with the smaller value capacitors. The NRF2401A supply voltage should be filtered and routed separately from the supply voltages of any digital circuitry. Long power supply lines on the PCB should be avoided. All device grounds, VDD connections and VDD bypass capacitors must be connected as close as possible to the NRF2401A IC. For a PCB with a topside RF ground plane, the VSS pins should be connected directly to the ground plane. For a PCB with a bottom ground plane, the best technique is to have via holes as close as possible to the VSS pads. One via hole should be used for each VSS pin. Full swing digital data or control signals should not be routed close to the crystal or the power supply lines. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway - Phone +4772898900 - Page 33 of 38 Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION NRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver APPLICATION EXAMPLE NRF2401A with single ended matching network VDD C6 10nF C5 1nF xxx R2 22K VDD PWR_UP VSS VDD VSS IREF 24 23 22 21 20 19 L4 C9 1.0pF L1 3.3nH L2 C4 2.2nF C3 4.7pF 10nH C8 1.0pF 5.6nH C10 L3 5.6nH 2.2pF 4.7pF C11 RF I/O xxx U1 nRF2401 QFN24/5X5 7 8 9 10 11 12 CLK1 DATA DVDD VSS XC2 XC1 PWR_UP CE DR2 CLK2 DOUT2 CS DR1 CLK1 DATA 1 2 3 4 5 6 CE DR2 CLK2 DOUT2 CS DR1 nRF2401 VSS VDD VSS_PA ANT2 ANT1 VDD_PA 18 17 16 15 14 13 xxx X1 C7 33nF 16 MHz R1 1M C1 22pF C2 22pF xxx Figure 20 NRF2401A schematic for RF layouts with single end 50 antenna Component C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 R1 R2 U1 X1 L1 L2 L3 L4 C8 C9 C10 C11 Description Capacitor ceramic, 50V, NPO Capacitor ceramic, 50V, NPO Capacitor ceramic, 50V, NPO Capacitor ceramic, 50V, X7R Capacitor ceramic, 50V, X7R Capacitor ceramic, 50V, X7R Capacitor ceramic, 50V, X7R Resistor Resistor NRF2401A transceiver Crystal, CL = 12pF, ESR < 100 ohm Inductor, wire wound 2) Inductor, wire wound 2) Inductor, wire wound 2) Inductor, wire wound 2) Ceramic capacitor, 50V, NP0 Ceramic capacitor, 50V, NP0 Ceramic capacitor, 50V, NP0 Ceramic capacitor, 50V, NP0 Size 0603 0603 0603 0603 0603 0603 0603 0603 0603 QFN24 / 5x5 LxWxH = 4.0x2.5x0.8 0603 0603 0603 0603 0603 0603 0603 0603 Value 22 22 4.7 2.2 1.0 10 33 1.0 22 NRF2401A 161) 3.3 10 5.6 5.6 1.0 1.0 2.2 4.7 Toleranc e 5% 5% 5% 10% 10% 10% 10% 1% 1% +/- 30 ppm 5% 5% 5% 5% 0.1 pF 0.1 pF 0.25 pF 0.25 pF Units pF pF pF nF nF nF nF M k MHz nH nH nH nH pF pF pF pF Table 22 Recommended components (BOM) in NRF2401A with antenna matching network NRF2401A can operate at several crystal frequencies, please refer to page 31. Wire wound inductors are recommended, other can be used if their self-resonant frequency (SFR) is > 2.7 GHz 2) 1) Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway - Phone +4772898900 - Page 34 of 38 Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION NRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver PCB layout example Figure 21 shows a PCB layout example for the application schematic in Figure 20. A double-sided FR-4 board of 1.6mm thickness is used. This PCB has a ground plane on the bottom layer. Additionally, there are ground areas on the component side of the board to ensure sufficient grounding of critical components. A large number of via holes connect the top layer ground areas to the bottom layer ground plane. No components in bottom layer Top silk screen Top view Bottom view Figure 21 NRF2401A RF layout with single ended connection to 50 antenna and 0603 size passive components Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway - Phone +4772898900 - Page 35 of 38 Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION NRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver DEFINITIONS Data sheet status Objective product specification Preliminary product specification Product specification This data sheet contains target specifications for product development. This data sheet contains preliminary data; supplementary data may be published from Nordic Semiconductor ASA later. This data sheet contains final product specifications. Nordic Semiconductor ASA reserves the right to make changes at any time without notice in order to improve design and supply the best possible product. Limiting values Stress above one or more of the limiting values may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and operation of the device at these or at any other conditions above those given in the Specifications sections of the specification is not implied. Exposure to limiting values for extended periods may affect device reliability. Application information Where application information is given, it is advisory and does not form part of the specification. Table 23. Definitions Nordic Semiconductor ASA reserves the right to make changes without further notice to the product to improve reliability, function or design. Nordic Semiconductor ASA does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuits described herein. LIFE SUPPORT APPLICATIONS These products are not designed for use in life support appliances, devices, or systems where malfunction of these products can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Nordic Semiconductor ASA customers using or selling these products for use in such applications do so at their own risk and agree to fully indemnify Nordic Semiconductor ASA for any damages resulting from such improper use or sale. Product Specification: Revision Date: 23.12.2004. Data sheet order code: 231204-NRF2401A or 231204-NRF2401AG All rights reserved (R). Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited without the prior written permission of the copyright holder. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway - Phone +4772898900 - Page 36 of 38 Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION NRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver YOUR NOTES Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway - Phone +4772898900 - Page 37 of 38 Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION NRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver Nordic Semiconductor ASA - World Wide Distributors For Your nearest dealer, please see http://www.nordicsemi.no Main Office: Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway Phone: +47 72 89 89 00, Fax: +47 72 89 89 89 Visit the Nordic Semiconductor ASA website at http://www.nordicsemi.no Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway - Phone +4772898900 - Page 38 of 38 Fax +4772898989 December 2004 |
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